碳氢燃料裂解吸热反应及超临界传热现象数值模型的构建与验证

 基于正癸烷在超临界压力下的热裂解反应机理,建立了考虑正癸烷裂解吸热反应及超临界传热现象的数值计算模型。采用该模型对正癸烷在3.45~11.38 MPa压力条件下的湍流传热过程进行了数值模拟计算研究,得到了详细的温度、速度、裂解转化率、物性及壁面热流密度的变化和分布情况。通过与已有的实验和数值计算结果的对比,对数值模型和计算软件进行了充分的验证。结果表明,本文的数值模型是准确、可靠的。这就为研究碳氢燃料的裂解吸热反应及超临界传热现象提供了一个有效的模拟计算工具。     

Influence of thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations

Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors (SRMs). Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L (L is chamber length) is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.     

In-plane corrugated cosine honeycomb for 1D morphing skin and its application on variable camber wing

A novel 0-Poisson’s ratio cosine honeycomb support structure of flexible skin is proposed. Mechanical model of the structure is analyzed with the energy method, finite element method (FEM) and experiments have been performed to validate the theoretical model. The in-plane characteristics of the cosine honeycomb are compared with accordion honeycomb through analytical models and experiments. Finally, the application of the cosine honeycomb on a variable camber wing is studied. Studies show that mechanical model agrees well with results of FEM and experiments. The transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb increases (decreases) when the wavelength or the wall width increases (decreases), or when the amplitude decreases (increases). Compared with accordion honeycomb, the transverse non-dimensional elastic modulus of the cosine honeycomb is smaller, which means the driving force is smaller and the power consumption is less during deformation. In addition, the cosine honeycomb can satisfy the deform- ing requirements of the variable camber wing.     

低密度双基体烧蚀防热材料

采用硅基针刺毡作为增强体、先后浸渍无机和有机树脂基体的两次复合工艺,可制成密度＜1.20g/cm3的双基体烧蚀防热材料.通过马弗炉烘烤、石英灯静态隔热、电弧风洞加热三种方式考核材料的剩余强度、抗变形能力、隔热性能和抗冲刷能力.结果表明:该材料在有氧条件下,经马弗炉1 100℃、3000s烘烤,剩余基体还有20wt％,材料仍具有一定强度;石英灯加热至l 200℃,总时长1200s的条件下,25 mm厚的试样最终背温＜120℃;电弧风洞考核显示,材料抗冲刷能力强,880 s时,25 mm厚材料背温仅有71℃.     

浅谈“模糊思维”在英语课堂教学中的运用

本文根据扎德教授的模糊教学理论,倡议教师们在教学中适当使用"模糊思维",并结合教学实际,提出了具体的实施策略。实践证明:英语教学中"模糊思维"的运用,给教学带来的良好的效果。     

The environmental dimension of space arms control

Current debates on the prevention of an arms race in outer space are dominated by the traditional perspective of international strategic balance. This article addresses the issue through the often-neglected lens of environmental protection, reviewing a number of environmental instruments as they relate to outer space. It argues that environmental protection, as a non-traditional element, is an instrumental impetus for arms control. The current regime leaves the door open for states to develop conventional orbital weapons and ground-based anti-satellite weapons (ASATs), which would have a significant adverse impact on the space environment. Thus the law of environmental protection is deficient in effectively protecting the space environment from pollution resulting from military activities. It is further argued that the space arms control regime should be strengthened for humanity's common interest in a sustainable space environment. Preferably an international treaty should be concluded to prohibit testing, deployment and use of space-based weapons and ASATs. These substantive obligations also conform to the requirements of safeguarding international peace and security, and the security interests of spacefaring countries.     

Design of tracking mount and controller for mobile satellite laser ranging system

In this study, we have proposed and implemented a design for the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M (Accurate Ranging system for Geodetic Observation - Mobile) which is a mobile satellite laser ranging (SLR) system developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM). The tracking mount comprises a few core components such as bearings, driving motors and encoders. These components were selected as per the technical specifications for the tracking mount of the ARGO-M. A three-dimensional model of the tracking mount was designed. The frequency analysis of the model predicted that the first natural frequency of the designed tracking mount was high enough. The tracking controller is simulated using MATLAB/xPC Target to achieve the required pointing and tracking accuracy. In order to evaluate the system repeatability and tracking accuracy of the tracking mount, a prototype of the ARGO-M was fabricated, and repeatability tests were carried out using a laser interferometer. Tracking tests were conducted using the trajectories of low earth orbit (LEO) and high earth orbit (HEO) satellites. Based on the test results, it was confirmed that the prototype of the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M could achieve the required repeatability along with a tracking accuracy of less than 1 arcsec.     

基于KS函数的协同优化算法及其应用

多学科设计优化(MDO)是当前航空航天复杂系统设计研究中一个最新、最活跃的领域,针对多学科设计优化中协同算法优化过程中存在的收敛困难、计算量大、费时等问题,提出一种新的系统级约束处理方法,利用KS函数的凝聚特性,将系统级的多个学科约束凝聚成一个拥有光滑高阶可微的可行域单约束,来取代罚函数法中的多个约束,以缓解多约束之间的冲突并加速收敛速度.利用两个典型算例进行测试,结果表明改进方法有效.     

分压偏置式共射电路静态分析之中外教材对比研究

分压偏置式共射极放大电路是有效应对温度变化且非常实用的共射极放大电路。对于分压偏置式共射极放大电路静态分析的讲解,中外《电子技术》教材的讲解方法各有特点。本研究以当今中外高校广泛使用的几本《电子技术》教材对这一知识点的讲解为例,将其分为两类分析方法;分别对这两类分析方法进行介绍、讨论其不同的特点和讲解思路,并通过电路设计案例具体分析,为《电子技术》教材建设提供有益的启示。     

机场竞争力评价指标体系的构建

本文首先分析总结了机场竞争力的形成机理,在此基础上提出了机场竞争力的评价原则,最后,构建了一套包含4个一级指标、16个二级指标和41个三级指标的机场竞争力评价指标体系,旨在通过这套评价体系对机场的竞争力发展水平进行评估,找出机场竞争力发展过程中的优势不足,为机场在市场竞争中提高竞争力水平和核心竞争力提供科学的参考依据.